中文
Hard appearance, indifferent texture, rich skills... At this point, you may have a screen tough man in your mind. Unfortunately, I am not talking about a male god, but about the cement that is as ubiquitous as the gods around us.
Once, the strong industrial flavor emitted by cement was liked and bored. As a basic building material, cement itself is not right or wrong, it is only the most real mark of social development.
Cement has played an important role in the rapid progress of urbanization and infrastructure construction, and has reached the peak of life. In recent years, with the change of market environment and social environment, cement industry has gradually changed from a highly sought-after time meritorious official to a typical example of being "disliked". Under the background of the slowdown of national economic growth, the cement industry has been invaded by the cold winter without exception in 2015, and the benefit of the industry has declined dramatically. According to the data of the National Bureau of Statistics, the total profit of the cement industry in China in 2015 was 32.97 billion yuan, down 58% from the same period last year. The profit was less than half of last year's, or even lower than the profit level of the past seven years. Behind this change lies the future trend of cement industry and even the whole industry: only by abandoning the rugged and capricious traditional development mode and adapting to the new normal of the industry, can enterprises achieve new development.
Two Dead Points of Cement
Overcapacity and increasingly stringent energy-saving and environmental protection regulations are two major challenges that need to be solved urgently in the cement industry.
China's rapid urbanization construction has been flying with the cement industry for nearly 10 years. However, when the wind is small and the industrial feast of cement is gradually ending, it is found that the capacity left by the unlimited expansion of cement for many years can not be digested at all. It is reported that China's cement production capacity, whether per capita Cement Holdings or per capita cumulative consumption, is the world's first, the peak value of industrial developed countries fling out a few streets. In 2016, the demand for cement may decline, but the supply is still increasing. After the new and under construction clinker production capacity is released, the cement production capacity is expected to reach 4 billion tons, and the productivity utilization rate is more than 50%. Loss is only an inevitable result.
Another important reason why cement is disliked is the pressure of environmental protection.
In the days of foggy siege, cement is estimated to be criticized, but the pot itself must be carried. Because the main cause of haze is that the total amount of air pollution emissions far exceeds the total amount of the environment, among which industrial emissions are the main culprit. Cement industry is the third largest source of nitrogen oxide emissions after electric power and motor vehicles, and its nitrogen oxide emissions account for about 10% of the total emissions of industrial systems. The cement industry ranks second in the industrial field in CO2 emissions, accounting for 5% of global carbon emissions, and is an important minor helper (culprit) in causing climate problems and environmental pollution. In order to reduce the total amount of air pollution emissions, it is necessary to reduce the emissions of pollutants from large households such as cement.
Especially in today's energy supply is so tight, the cement industry still eats more than 60% of the total production cost: the energy consumption cost of China's cement factories accounts for more than 60%, the average energy consumption level of domestic cement production enterprises is 115 kg standard coal/ton clinker, while the world's advanced level is only 95 kg standard coal/ton clinker. We still have great potential to save energy.
Painful sunflower acupoint-relieving hand
The cement industry is facing difficulties both at home and abroad, and the introduction of a series of policies and regulations undoubtedly makes the cement industry feel more pressure.
On November 30, 2015, the 21st United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP21), which lasted 12 days, was held in Paris. In the Paris Accord, the participating countries committed themselves to take active and effective actions to cope with the threat of climate change, to control the global average temperature rise within 2 degrees Celsius compared with the pre-industrial level, and to work hard to control the temperature rise within 1.5 degrees Celsius. The world will achieve greenhouse gas emissions as soon as possible and achieve net zero greenhouse gas emissions in the second half of this century. As the world's largest emitter, China has issued two major goals: China's carbon emissions are expected to peak in 2030 and its share of non-fossil energy in primary energy will increase to 20% by 2030. Where are steel and cement?
In recent years, the central and local governments have strengthened their control over the energy-intensive cement industry, requiring it to improve its ecological benefits and sustainable development capabilities. In the newly revised "Air Pollutant Emission Standard for Cement Industry", the dust emission limits were increased from 50mg/m3 (thermal equipment such as cement kiln) and 30mg/m3 (ventilation equipment such as cement mill) to 30mg/m3 and 20mg/m3 respectively, and the nitrogen oxide emission limits were increased from 800mg/m3 to 400mg/m3.
Whether it is willing or not, cement companies must make choices in the face of stricter emission standards.
A giant who takes the initiative
As China's largest comprehensive building materials industry group, China Building Materials Group is also facing the challenges of reducing energy consumption, improving production efficiency and reducing environmental pollution. Their choice is to prepare early and take the initiative to transform.
The energy consumption of cement industry comes from many aspects. For example, for a long time, the control of firing temperature of cement rotary kiln basically depends on the experience and quality of operators. The process of cement firing is affected by equipment performance, raw material quality, raw coal quality and other working conditions. It is difficult to control temperature, which results in a large amount of energy waste. This situation is quite common in China's cement industry. Xuzhou Zhonglian Cement Co., Ltd. (215.42 yuan/ton, 0%) is a subsidiary of China Building Materials, which adopts Schneider Electric kiln expert control system and uses artificial intelligence control technology instead of more reasonable manual control equipment to make the production line run in the optimal energy consumption state, reduce the labor intensity by 60%, effectively reduce the emission of NOX, and save energy per unit product by 3%~5%. Facing the drastic fluctuation and influence of the market, enterprises can still maintain efficient production and optimize operation.
Schneider Electric EMS Energy Management System has been successfully applied in another enterprise of China Building Materials, Yinan Zhonglian Cement Co., Ltd. EMS energy management system can reduce energy consumption and cost by monitoring energy consumption and identifying the opportunities of energy saving in production process, reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides, and ensure the production efficiency of each link at the same time. Compared with the data of 2014 and 2015, Yinan Zhonglian Cement Co., Ltd. has continuously optimized its energy consumption, reaching 97.17 kg/t of standard coal consumption and 47.27 kW.h/t of clinker consumption, which is far superior to the advanced value in the energy consumption quota of GB16780 cement unit products and has reached the international advanced level. This is a very significant effect for enterprises whose energy consumption accounts for more than 60% of the total production cost of enterprises. China Building Materials has also become the first enterprise to deploy a full-efficiency management system in the cement industry.
New Opportunities of Cement from the Two Sessions
The annual "two sessions" will always bring some good news. What signals will the two sessions just concluded this year release for cement?
Supply-side reform. It is undoubtedly the hottest topic at the two conferences, whose main purpose is to solve the problem of overcapacity. At present, the national strategic plan is to eliminate backward production capacity naturally from the traditional industries such as coal, steel and cement, which have the most serious surplus, through the combination of national policies and market competition rules.
Deeply tap the potential of domestic demand. There are many shortcomings in the field of infrastructure and livelihood in China. The industry needs to be upgraded urgently. There is still a lot of room for effective investment. This year we will launch a number of major projects planned for the 13th Five-Year Plan. We have completed more than 800 billion yuan in railway investment, 1.65 trillion yuan in highway investment, and 20 major water conservancy projects, including hydropower, nuclear power, UHV transmission, smart grid, oil and gas pipeline network and urban rail transit. Major infrastructure construction and high-speed railway construction should be strengthened.
"One belt and one road". The demand for infrastructure, high-speed rail and energy will bring huge demand to the current excess cement industry, while avoiding the great harm to the economy caused by capacity and deleveraging. The implementation of the "one belt and one way" strategy will also make the domestic cement enterprises move towards the international market and will gradually become the norm.
Heavy Fist to Control Atmospheric Fog and Haze and Water Pollution. Li Keqiang, Premier of the State Council, in his report on the work of the government on March 5, said that this year, efforts should be made to strengthen environmental governance and make new breakthroughs in promoting green development. Pollution control and environmental protection are related to people's health and sustainable development. This year, chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen emissions will decrease by 2%, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions will decrease by 3%, and the concentration of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in key areas will continue to decline. Although there is no mention of cement, how can there be no mention of it?
The winter of cement industry is coming. Let's start the ice-breaking operation of enterprises.